AMBULANCE HISTORY & MODERN ECNALUBMA

FIRST AMBULANCE IN THE WORLD

This is during the Crusades of the 11th Century; the Knights of St John received instruction in first-aid treatment from Greek and Arab doctors. The Knights of St John then acted himself as the first emergency workers, treating the soldiers on both sides of battlefield for bringing the wounded soldiers to the nearby tents for further treatment. Actually the concept of ambulance service started in Europe with the Knights of St John, at the same time it had also become a common practice for small rewards to be paid to soldiers those who carried the wounded soldiers in for treatment.
From the French Grand Army, the Surgeon-in-Chief, "Baron Dominiquie Larrey", who created the first official army medical corp. in 1792. The trained attendants with equipment moved out from the field hospitals to give first-aid to the wounded on the battlefield and carried them back by stretcher itself with hand-carts and wagons to the field hospitals. Motorized ambulance vehicles have been in use since the beginning of the 20th century. In the 1950s the United States pioneered helicopter-ambulances during the Korean War. In 1968, St Vincent's Hospital in New York City started the first mobile
Ford 1916 Model T Filed Ambulance. This was a canvas on wood frame model was used widely by the French & British people normally as the American expeditionary force in World War 1st. The top speed of it was 45 mph (72 km/h) produced by a 4 cylinder water cooled engine.
Earlier time patient transport
Around in 900 AD, there is an evidence of forced transport of those with leprosy or psychiatric problems in ancient times. The earliest record of such an Ambulance was perhaps a hammock based cart constructed by the Anglo-Saxons.
Same like, in 7th century, during the Muslim conquests the Muslim armies the time of Muhammad were reported that used a mobile dispensary following them for the treatment of soldiers on battlefield. A Muslim women called Amina Bint Qais at her the age of seventeen, was the youngest woman to lead a medical team in one of the early battles and this was in 8th century.
The treatment in early battlefield
As per history, Queen Isabella of Spain was used the Ambulance service in 1487. The army was treated well in Spain at that time and attracted volunteers from across the continent to military during the period. It was Dominique Jean Larrey (1766-1842), the chief of Napoleon Bonaparte was designed a major change in usage of ambulances in battle. Larrey was there at battlefield at the time of Spires battle, it was between Prussians and French and he was so distressed seeing the fact that wonderd soldiers were not picked up by the numerous ambulances. The existed system of using one horse, he developed the system of using two or four wheeled horse drawn wagons were used to transport wounded soldiers from the war front after giving the first aid to them. This type of flying Ambulance was firstly used by Napoleon’s Army in 1793.
The development of civilian services
After the invention of the transport carriage for cholera patients in London in 1832 it was a new development in Ambulance. The Times Newspaper said that, “The curative process commences the instant the patient is put in to the carriage; time is saved which can be given to the care of the patient; the patient may be driven to the hospital so speedily that the hospitals may be less numerous and located at greater distances from each other”
Developments during the time of American Civil War
The time of Civil war in United States, more advances in medical care for the military were made. The Union military doctors, Jonathan Letterman and Joseph Barnes built upon Larrey’s work and designed a pre-hospital care system for the soldiers with new techniques and way of transport. Every regiment possessed at least one Ambulance cart maintained also with a two wheel design that was accommodated up to three patients.
Beginning of dedicated services
It was the St. John Ambulance Brigade was established to provide first aid and Ambulance services at public events in London in June-1887 with a military style modeled and discipline in structure. In 1877 itself, the St.John Ambulance Association was started teaching about first aid to public. Presently this association providing Ambulance and first aid services in many of the countries around the world. The started in Ireland in 1903 in the Guinness Brewery in St. James Gate in Dublin by doctor, Late. Sir John Lumseden for workers. In 1910, the Brigade began its first public duty at the Royal Dublin Society. In 2nd World War period also, they acted as an Ambulance service and remained so until the setup of Regional Ambulance services.
Ambulance, Belleveue Hospital in New York City, 1895
In 1892 in Queensland (a state in Australia) established an Ambulance service after witnessing an even at the Brisbane show grounds during Show Week in the same year. After continues experiments they developed a good Ambulance system and it was known as Queensland Ambulance Service which was the fourth larges Ambulance service in the world recently also.
Ambulance in American Civil war (1861-65)
Ambulance in 19th centurery
In 1902 a Civilian Ambulance train was introduced for the purpose of facing railway accidents. It housed a mobile operating room and eight stretchers. Railroad employed surgeons stayed near by the railway station where the Ambulance train was stationed and were summoned to urgently attend in the accident cases.
a German Ambulance in 2nd World War
Ford 1916 mode
Introduction of motor units

Cadillac Meteor Ambulance in 1948
Ambulance in 1948, Cadelilac Meteror
The automobile was being developed in the late 19th century and started to be introduced Motor Ambulances. But it was powered by steam, gasoline and electricity, reflecting the competing automotive technologies then in existence. However, the first motor powered ambulance was brought in to service in the last year of the 19th century, with the Michael Reese Hospital at Chicago, taking delivery of the first automobile Ambulance donated by 500 prominent local business people there in February 1899. This was followed in 1900, by New York City also, who extolled its virtues of greater speed, more safety for the patient, faster stopping and a smoother ride. These first two automobile ambulances were electrically powered with 2 horsepower (1.5 kW) motors on the rear axle.
Palliser Ambulance was the first gasoline powered Ambulance and it was introduced in 1905, and named for Capt. John Palliser of the Canadian Militia. This was a three wheeled vehicle (one at the front, two at the rear) and it was designed for use on the battlefield. It was a heavy tractor unit, cased in bullet proof steel sheets. These steel shields opened outwards to provide a small area of cover from fire (nine feet wide by 7 feet (2.1 m) high) for the ambulance staff when the vehicle was stationary. Astralian Flying Doctor Service Vehilcles in 1954
After that, the British Army was quickly behind the Canadians in introducing a limited number of automobile Ambulances. In 1905, the Royal Army Medical Corps was commissioned a number of starker-squire motor ambulance vans. They were based on a double decker bus manufactured by the same company, although on a shorter wheel base. A number of them were based in Oxford shire, serving several major encampments in the area.The first mass production automobile based ambulance (rather than one off models) was produced in the United States by the James Cunningham, Son & Company of Rochester, New York. in 1909. That Ambulance was named the Model 774 Automobile Ambulance. 32 horsepower (24 kW), 4 cylinders internal combustion engine was the featured in it. The chassis rode on pneumatic tires, while the body featured electric lights, a suspended cot with two attendant seats.
The air ambulances

The Australian Flying Doctor Service vehicles in 1954
During the 1st World War, aviation moved from experimentation to a powerful military force, and participated in the war, with a surplus of aircraft in circulation, new uses were found for the aircraft. This included the conversion of planes throughout the world in to ambulance planes. Although in 1917, Lieutenant Clifford Peel, a medical student, outlined a system of fixed-wing aircraft and ground facilities designed to provide medical services to the Australian Outback. But it was launched only in the late 1920s. These ideas became a reality under the guidance of the Very Reverend John Flynn in 1928 when the Australian Inland Mission Service established the Aerial Medial Mission Services a one year experimental program.
In the Second World War period, American Dodge 3/4 ton WC-54 became the standard allied Ambulance in front line units. The Dodge ½ Ton 9 18 27 became the standard around bases overseas and in the States. During the Korean war, the newly created United States Air Force created a number of air Ambulance units for use in forward operating medical units. They used helicopters for rapid evacuation of patients. The H-13 Sioux helicopter was famous by the film and television versions of M*A*S*H, transported 18000 wounded soldiers the time of conflict. It was the Shock Trauma Air Rescue Society extended the use of helicopters for emergency medical evacuations to Civilian practice also.
From the concept of just transportation of patients, it was restructured to ‘Mobile Hospital’ and later developed modern Ambulance CPR, it was developed and accepted as the standard of care for out of hospital. Cardiac Arrest; defibrillation based in part on an increased understanding of heart arrhythmias was introduced as were new pharmaceuticals to be used in cardiac situations. In Ireland, a mobile coronar care Ambulance was successfully introduced and well-developed studies demonstrated the need for overhauling ambulance services. Those studies placed pressure on governments to improve the emergency care in general, including the care provided by ambulance services. Part of the result was the creation of standards in the construction of Ambulance concerning the internal height of the patient care area in the equipment that an Ambulance had to carry.
At that time most of the Ambulances are made on car chassis which could not accept the weight and other demands of the new standards instead of that later, van and light trucks chassis would have to be used. In 1970s major changes underwent in the design of Ambulances. The early van based Ambulances are looked very similar to their civilian counterparts, having been given a limited amount of emergency vehicle equipments.
Modern Ambulances





At present using modern and well equipped Ambulances in the world. The below are the new 6 models of Ambulances:
Patient Room Services Capacity
ABL-900 (4.6 cu.m)
ABL-1100/EX (5.4 cu.m)
ABL-M/Plus (6.0 cu.m)
ABL-LT (8.0 cu.m)
ABL-LT-EX (7.0 cu.m)
ABL-VAN (8.9 cu.m)

Carry boy Ambulance Specification
1. It’s made of “SANDWICH PANEL”, approved by ATP, Germany.
2. 100% waterproof and anti-Corrosion.
3. Build-In furniture, made of fiberglass, stainless steel and aluminum. Easy to clean, sterilization and 100% waterproof.
4. More space than other ambulance models.
5. Good exterior with Aerodynamics design.
6. Suspension and electrical system approved by professional engineer.
7. Warrantee and after-sales service.
8. Support customer’s need design.
9. Ambulance Manufacturer License by Industry Ministry.
10. More than 100 dealers and service centers in Thailand.
11. ISO 9001: 2008 standards.
12. Carry boy Leasing supported.